老百姓,不是大师,是大人,老人.
这个问题是这样的.辅音,manner/place容易搞定,元音,很难.因此Daniel Jones在建立英语发音理论时用了8个cardinal vowels,囊括了那个舌头能达到的high/low,front/back的8个极点.后来其学生A.C.Gimson发挥了这一理论,但是把那8个极点画成了圆圈了,也就是说,vowels的位置是模糊的,不是点,而是圈,当然可能是球了.这是基础理论.其他的,建议楼主直接找有关英语语音学的专著来学吧.
Abercrombie,D.(1967).Elements of General Phonetics:University Press.
Birjandi,P.,& Salmani-Nodoushan,M.A.(2005).An Introduction to Phonetics.Tehran,Iran:Zabankadeh Publications.
Carrell,J.A.,& Tiffany,W.R.(1960).Phonetics:Theory and Application to Speech Improvement.New York,NY:McGraw-Hill.
Jespersen,J.O.H.(1958).English Phonetics:A Handbook for Scandinavian Students (B.Jurgensen,Trans.6th ed.).København:Gyldendals.
Jones,D.(1972-50).An Outline of English Phonetics (9th ed.).Cambridge,UK:W.Heffer & Sons Ltd.
Laver,J.(1994).Principles of Phonetics.Cambridge; New York,NY:Cambridge University Press.
Roach,P.J.(2001).Phonetics语音学.Oxford; New York,NY; Shanghai,China中国上海:Oxford University Press; Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press上海外语教育出版社.
Vasilyev,V.A.,Burenkova,O.V.,Katanskaya,A.R.,Lukina,N.D.,Maslova,L.P.,& Torsuyeva,E.I.(1962).English Phonetics:a Normative Course.Leningrad,USSR:State Text-Book Pub.House.
Zhou周考成,K.(2002-1984).An Introduction to English Phonetics英语语音学引论.Shanghai,China中国上海; Chengdu,Sichuan中国成都:Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press上海外语教育出版社; 四川大学出版社. 老百姓,不是大师,是大人,老人.
这个问题是这样的.辅音,manner/place容易搞定,元音,很难.因此Daniel Jones在建立英语发音理论时用了8个cardinal vowels,囊括了那个舌头能达到的high/low,front/back的8个极点.后来其学生A.C.Gimson发挥了这一理论,但是把那8个极点画成了圆圈了,也就是说,vowels的位置是模糊的,不是点,而是圈,当然可能是球了.这是基础理论.其他的,建议楼主直接找有关英语语音学的专著来学吧.
Abercrombie,D.(1967).Elements of General Phonetics:University Press.
Birjandi,P.,& Salmani-Nodoushan,M.A.(2005).An Introduction to Phonetics.Tehran,Iran:Zabankadeh Publications.
Carrell,J.A.,& Tiffany,W.R.(1960).Phonetics:Theory and Application to Speech Improvement.New York,NY:McGraw-Hill.
Jespersen,J.O.H.(1958).English Phonetics:A Handbook for Scandinavian Students (B.Jurgensen,Trans.6th ed.).København:Gyldendals.
Jones,D.(1972-50).An Outline of English Phonetics (9th ed.).Cambridge,UK:W.Heffer & Sons Ltd.
Laver,J.(1994).Principles of Phonetics.Cambridge; New York,NY:Cambridge University Press.
Roach,P.J.(2001).Phonetics语音学.Oxford; New York,NY; Shanghai,China中国上海:Oxford University Press; Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press上海外语教育出版社.
Vasilyev,V.A.,Burenkova,O.V.,Katanskaya,A.R.,Lukina,N.D.,Maslova,L.P.,& Torsuyeva,E.I.(1962).English Phonetics:a Normative Course.Leningrad,USSR:State Text-Book Pub.House.
Zhou周考成,K.(2002-1984).An Introduction to English Phonetics英语语音学引论.Shanghai,China中国上海; Chengdu,Sichuan中国成都:Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press上海外语教育出版社; 四川大学出版社.