提纲式作文
1．对立观点式
A．有人认为X 是好事,赞成X,为什么?
B．有人认为X 是坏事,反对X,为什么?
C．我的看法.
Some people are in favor of the idea of doingX. They point out the fact that 支持X 的第一个原因.They also argue that 支持X 的另一个原因.
However, other people stand on a differentground. They consider it harmful to do X. They firmly point out that 反对X 的第一个理由. An example cangive the details of this argument: 一个例子.
There is some truth in both arguments. But Ithink the advantages of X overweigh the disadvantages. In addition to theabove-mentioned negative effects it might bring about, X also may X 的有一个坏处.

2．批驳观点式
A．一个错误观点.
B．我不同意.
Many people argue that 错误观点.By saying that,they mean 对这个观点的进一步解释.An example they have presented is that 一个例子.（According to asurvey performed by X on a group of Y, almost 80% of them 赞成这个错误观点或者受到这个错误观点的影响）.
There might be some element of truth in thesepeople’s belief. But if we consider it in depth, we will feel no reservation toconclude that 与错误观点相反的观点.There are a number of reasons behind my belief. (以下参照辩论文的议论文写法).

3．社会问题（现象）式
A．一个社会问题或者现象.
B．产生的原因
C．对社会和我们生活的影响
D．如何杜绝.（如果是问题的话）
E．前景的预测.
Nowadays, there exists an increasingly serioussocial/economic/environmental problem. (X has increasingly become a commonconcern of the public). According to a survey, 调查内容说明这种现象的情况.（或者是一个例子）.
There are a couple of reasons booming thisproblem/phenomenon. 下面参照辩论式议论文的写法.
X has caused substantial impact on the societyand our daily life, which has been articulated（表达） in the following aspects. 参照辩论式议论文的写法.
A dozen of measures are supposed to take toprevent X from bringing us more harm. 参照辩论式议论文的写法.
Based on the above discussions, I can easilyforecast that more and more people will ……..


写作模板——图表式作文

It is obvious in the graph/table that therate/number/amount of Y has undergone dramatic changes. It has goneup/grown/fallen/dropped considerably in recent years (as X varies). At thepoint of （接近）X1, Y reaches its peak value of …(多少).
What is the reason for this change? Mainlythere are … (多少) reasons behind the situation reflected in thegraphic/table. First of all, …(第一个原因). More importantly, …(第二个原因). Most important of all, …(第三个原因).
From the abovediscussions, we have enough reason to predict what will happen in the nearfuture. The trend described in the graph/table will continue for quite a longtime (if necessary measures are not taken括号里的使用于那些不太好的变化趋势).

写作模板——辩论式议论文
模版1
Some people believe (argue, recognize, think)that 观点1. But other people take an opposite side. They firmly believe that 观点2. As for me, I agree tothe former/latter idea.
There are a dozenof reasons behind my belief. First of all, 论据1.
More importantly,论据2.
Most important ofall, 论据3.
In summary, 总结观点. As a collegestudent, I am supposed to 表决心.
或 From above, we can predict that 预测.

模版2
People hold different views about X. Somepeople are of the opinion that 观点1, while others point out that 观点2. As far as I amconcerned, the former/latter opinion holds more weight.
For one thing, 论据1.
For another, 论据2.
Last but not theleast, 论据3.
To conclude, 总结观点. As a collegestudent, I am supposed to 表决心.
或 From above, we can predict that 预测.

模版3
There is no consensus[kən'sensəs]一致of opinions among people about X（争论的焦点）.Some people areof the view that 观点1,while others take an opposite side, firmly believing that观点2.As far as I am concerned, the former/latter notion（观念） is preferable inmany senses. The reasons are obvious.
First of all, 论据1.
Furthermore, 论据2.
Among all of thesupporting evidences, one is the strongest. That is, 论据3.
A naturalconclusion from the above discussion is that总结观点.
As a collegestudent, I am supposed to 表决心.
或 From above, we can predict that 预测




常用句型：
1． 表示原因
1）There are three reasons for this．
2）The reasons for this are asfollows．
3）The reason for this isobvious．
4）The reason for this is notfar to seek．
5）The reason for this is that．．．
6）We have good reason tobelieve that．．．
　例： There are three reasons for the changes that havetaken place in our life．Firstly,people’s living standard has been greatly improved．Secondly,most people are well paid, and they can afford what they need or like．Last but not least,more and more people preferto enjoy modern life．
注：如考生写第一个句子没有把握,可将其改写成两个句子.如：Great changes have takenplace in our life． There are three reasonsfor this．这样写可以避免套用中的表达失误.
2．表示好处
1）It has the followingadvantages．
2）It does us a lot of good．
3）It benefits us quite a lot．
4）It is beneficial to us．
5）It is of great benefit tous．
　　例： Books are like friends．They can help us know theworld better,and they can open our mindsand widen our horizons．Therefore,reading extensively is of great benefit to us．
3．表示坏处
1）It has more disadvantagesthan advantages．
2）It does us much harm．
3）It is harmfulto us．
　　例： However,everything divides into two．Television can also be harmful to us．It can do harm to ourhealth and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching televi- sion．
4．表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能
1）It is important（necessary,difficult,convenient, possible）for sb．to do sth．
2）We think it necessary to dosth．
3）It plays an important rolein our life．
　　例： Computers are now being used everywhere,whether in the government,in schools or in business．Soon, computers will be found inevery home,too．We have good reason to say that computers are playing an increasinglyimportant role in our life and we have stepped into the Computer Age．
5．表示措施
1）We should take someeffective measures．
2）We should try our best toovercome（conquer）the difficulties．
3）We should do our utmost indoing sth．
4）We should solve theproblems that we are confronted（faced）with．
　　例： The housing problem that we are confronted with isbecoming more and more serious．Therefore,we must take some effective measures to solve it．
6．表示变化
1）Some changes have takenplace in the past five years．
2）A great change willcertainly be produced in the world’s communications．
3）The computer has broughtabout（导致） many changes in education．
　　例： Some changes have taken place in people’s diet in thepast five years．The major reasons for thesechanges are not far to seek．Nowadays,more and more people are switching from grain to meat for protein,and from fruit and vegetable to milk for vitamins．
7．表示事实、现状
1）We cannot ignore the factthat．．．
2）No one can deny the factthat．．．
3）There is no denying thefact that．．．
4）This is a phenomenon that many people are interestedin．
5）However,that’s not the case．
　　例： We cannot ignore the fact that industrializationbrings with it the problems of pollution．To solve these problems, we can start by educating the public about the hazards（危害） of pollution．The government on its partshould also design stricter laws to promote a cleaner environment．
8．表示比较
1）Compared with A,B．．．
2）I prefer to read ratherthan watch TV．
3）There is a strikingcontrast between them．
　　例： Compared with cars,bicycles have severaladvantages besides being affordable．Firstly,they do not consume natural resources of petrol（石油）．Secondly,they do not cause the pollution problem．Last but not least,they contribute to people’s health by giving them due physical exercise．
9．表示数量
1）Ithas increased（decreased）from．．．to．．．
2）Thepopulation in this city has now increased （decreased）to800,000．
3）Theoutput of July in this factory increased by 15％compared with that of January．
　　例： With the improvement of the livingstandard,the proportion（比例）of people’s income spent on food has decreased while that spent on educationhas increased．
　　再如： From the graph listed above,itcanbe seen that student use of computers has increased from an average of lessthan two hours per week in 1990 to 20 hours in 2000．
　　注：“From the graph listed above,itcan be seen that”见句式12.考生将句式9和句式12结合在一起,便可较好地写出2002年6月CET－4、6短文写作的第一段.
10．表示看法
1）Peoplehave（take,adopt,assume）differentattitudes towards sth．
2）Peoplehave different opinions on this problem．
3）Peopletake different views of（on）thequestion．
4）Somepeople believe that．．．Others argue that．．．
　　例： People have different attitudestowards failure．Some believe thatfailure leads to success．
Every failure they experiencetranslates into a greater chance of success at their renewed endeavor．However,others are easily discouraged by failures and put themselves into the category（种类）of losers．
　　再如： Do lucky numbers really bring goodluck?Different people have different viewson it．
　　注：一个段落有时很适宜以问句开始,考生应掌握这一写作方法.
11．表示结论
1）Inshort,it can be said that ．．．
2）Itmay be briefly summed up as follows．
3）Fromwhat has been mentioned above,we can come to theconclusion that ．．．
　　例： From what has been mentioned above,wecan come to the conclusion that examination is necessary,however,its method should be improved．
　　注：例句1可用于任何一个段落的结论句；例句3则多用文章结论段的第一句.
12．套语
1）It’swell known to us that ．．．
2）Asis known to us,．．．
3）Thisis a topic that is being widely talked about．
4）Fromthe graph（table,chart）listedabove,it can be seen that ．．．
5）Asa proverb（谚语） says,“Wherethere is a will,there is a way．
例如： As is well known to us,itis important for the students to know the world outside campus．
The reason for this is obvious．Nowadays,thesociety is changing and developing rapidly,andthe campus is no longer an“ivory tower．Ascollege students,we must get intouch with the world outside the campus．Onlyin this way can we adapt ourselves to the society quickly after we graduate．
　　再如： Does it pay to be honest?Thisis a topic that is being widely talked about and different people havedifferent opinions on it． 提纲式作文
1．对立观点式
A．有人认为X 是好事,赞成X,为什么?
B．有人认为X 是坏事,反对X,为什么?
C．我的看法.
Some people are in favor of the idea of doingX. They point out the fact that 支持X 的第一个原因.They also argue that 支持X 的另一个原因.
However, other people stand on a differentground. They consider it harmful to do X. They firmly point out that 反对X 的第一个理由. An example cangive the details of this argument: 一个例子.
There is some truth in both arguments. But Ithink the advantages of X overweigh the disadvantages. In addition to theabove-mentioned negative effects it might bring about, X also may X 的有一个坏处.

2．批驳观点式
A．一个错误观点.
B．我不同意.
Many people argue that 错误观点.By saying that,they mean 对这个观点的进一步解释.An example they have presented is that 一个例子.（According to asurvey performed by X on a group of Y, almost 80% of them 赞成这个错误观点或者受到这个错误观点的影响）.
There might be some element of truth in thesepeople’s belief. But if we consider it in depth, we will feel no reservation toconclude that 与错误观点相反的观点.There are a number of reasons behind my belief. (以下参照辩论文的议论文写法).

3．社会问题（现象）式
A．一个社会问题或者现象.
B．产生的原因
C．对社会和我们生活的影响
D．如何杜绝.（如果是问题的话）
E．前景的预测.
Nowadays, there exists an increasingly serioussocial/economic/environmental problem. (X has increasingly become a commonconcern of the public). According to a survey, 调查内容说明这种现象的情况.（或者是一个例子）.
There are a couple of reasons booming thisproblem/phenomenon. 下面参照辩论式议论文的写法.
X has caused substantial impact on the societyand our daily life, which has been articulated（表达） in the following aspects. 参照辩论式议论文的写法.
A dozen of measures are supposed to take toprevent X from bringing us more harm. 参照辩论式议论文的写法.
Based on the above discussions, I can easilyforecast that more and more people will ……..


写作模板——图表式作文

It is obvious in the graph/table that therate/number/amount of Y has undergone dramatic changes. It has goneup/grown/fallen/dropped considerably in recent years (as X varies). At thepoint of （接近）X1, Y reaches its peak value of …(多少).
What is the reason for this change? Mainlythere are … (多少) reasons behind the situation reflected in thegraphic/table. First of all, …(第一个原因). More importantly, …(第二个原因). Most important of all, …(第三个原因).
From the abovediscussions, we have enough reason to predict what will happen in the nearfuture. The trend described in the graph/table will continue for quite a longtime (if necessary measures are not taken括号里的使用于那些不太好的变化趋势).

写作模板——辩论式议论文
模版1
Some people believe (argue, recognize, think)that 观点1. But other people take an opposite side. They firmly believe that 观点2. As for me, I agree tothe former/latter idea.
There are a dozenof reasons behind my belief. First of all, 论据1.
More importantly,论据2.
Most important ofall, 论据3.
In summary, 总结观点. As a collegestudent, I am supposed to 表决心.
或 From above, we can predict that 预测.

模版2
People hold different views about X. Somepeople are of the opinion that 观点1, while others point out that 观点2. As far as I amconcerned, the former/latter opinion holds more weight.
For one thing, 论据1.
For another, 论据2.
Last but not theleast, 论据3.
To conclude, 总结观点. As a collegestudent, I am supposed to 表决心.
或 From above, we can predict that 预测.

模版3
There is no consensus[kən'sensəs]一致of opinions among people about X（争论的焦点）.Some people areof the view that 观点1,while others take an opposite side, firmly believing that观点2.As far as I am concerned, the former/latter notion（观念） is preferable inmany senses. The reasons are obvious.
First of all, 论据1.
Furthermore, 论据2.
Among all of thesupporting evidences, one is the strongest. That is, 论据3.
A naturalconclusion from the above discussion is that总结观点.
As a collegestudent, I am supposed to 表决心.
或 From above, we can predict that 预测




常用句型：
1． 表示原因
1）There are three reasons for this．
2）The reasons for this are asfollows．
3）The reason for this isobvious．
4）The reason for this is notfar to seek．
5）The reason for this is that．．．
6）We have good reason tobelieve that．．．
　例： There are three reasons for the changes that havetaken place in our life．Firstly,people’s living standard has been greatly improved．Secondly,most people are well paid, and they can afford what they need or like．Last but not least,more and more people preferto enjoy modern life．
注：如考生写第一个句子没有把握,可将其改写成两个句子.如：Great changes have takenplace in our life． There are three reasonsfor this．这样写可以避免套用中的表达失误.
2．表示好处
1）It has the followingadvantages．
2）It does us a lot of good．
3）It benefits us quite a lot．
4）It is beneficial to us．
5）It is of great benefit tous．
　　例： Books are like friends．They can help us know theworld better,and they can open our mindsand widen our horizons．Therefore,reading extensively is of great benefit to us．
3．表示坏处
1）It has more disadvantagesthan advantages．
2）It does us much harm．
3）It is harmfulto us．
　　例： However,everything divides into two．Television can also be harmful to us．It can do harm to ourhealth and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching televi- sion．
4．表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能
1）It is important（necessary,difficult,convenient, possible）for sb．to do sth．
2）We think it necessary to dosth．
3）It plays an important rolein our life．
　　例： Computers are now being used everywhere,whether in the government,in schools or in business．Soon, computers will be found inevery home,too．We have good reason to say that computers are playing an increasinglyimportant role in our life and we have stepped into the Computer Age．
5．表示措施
1）We should take someeffective measures．
2）We should try our best toovercome（conquer）the difficulties．
3）We should do our utmost indoing sth．
4）We should solve theproblems that we are confronted（faced）with．
　　例： The housing problem that we are confronted with isbecoming more and more serious．Therefore,we must take some effective measures to solve it．
6．表示变化
1）Some changes have takenplace in the past five years．
2）A great change willcertainly be produced in the world’s communications．
3）The computer has broughtabout（导致） many changes in education．
　　例： Some changes have taken place in people’s diet in thepast five years．The major reasons for thesechanges are not far to seek．Nowadays,more and more people are switching from grain to meat for protein,and from fruit and vegetable to milk for vitamins．
7．表示事实、现状
1）We cannot ignore the factthat．．．
2）No one can deny the factthat．．．
3）There is no denying thefact that．．．
4）This is a phenomenon that many people are interestedin．
5）However,that’s not the case．
　　例： We cannot ignore the fact that industrializationbrings with it the problems of pollution．To solve these problems, we can start by educating the public about the hazards（危害） of pollution．The government on its partshould also design stricter laws to promote a cleaner environment．
8．表示比较
1）Compared with A,B．．．
2）I prefer to read ratherthan watch TV．
3）There is a strikingcontrast between them．
　　例： Compared with cars,bicycles have severaladvantages besides being affordable．Firstly,they do not consume natural resources of petrol（石油）．Secondly,they do not cause the pollution problem．Last but not least,they contribute to people’s health by giving them due physical exercise．
9．表示数量
1）Ithas increased（decreased）from．．．to．．．
2）Thepopulation in this city has now increased （decreased）to800,000．
3）Theoutput of July in this factory increased by 15％compared with that of January．
　　例： With the improvement of the livingstandard,the proportion（比例）of people’s income spent on food has decreased while that spent on educationhas increased．
　　再如： From the graph listed above,itcanbe seen that student use of computers has increased from an average of lessthan two hours per week in 1990 to 20 hours in 2000．
　　注：“From the graph listed above,itcan be seen that”见句式12.考生将句式9和句式12结合在一起,便可较好地写出2002年6月CET－4、6短文写作的第一段.
10．表示看法
1）Peoplehave（take,adopt,assume）differentattitudes towards sth．
2）Peoplehave different opinions on this problem．
3）Peopletake different views of（on）thequestion．
4）Somepeople believe that．．．Others argue that．．．
　　例： People have different attitudestowards failure．Some believe thatfailure leads to success．
Every failure they experiencetranslates into a greater chance of success at their renewed endeavor．However,others are easily discouraged by failures and put themselves into the category（种类）of losers．
　　再如： Do lucky numbers really bring goodluck?Different people have different viewson it．
　　注：一个段落有时很适宜以问句开始,考生应掌握这一写作方法.
11．表示结论
1）Inshort,it can be said that ．．．
2）Itmay be briefly summed up as follows．
3）Fromwhat has been mentioned above,we can come to theconclusion that ．．．
　　例： From what has been mentioned above,wecan come to the conclusion that examination is necessary,however,its method should be improved．
　　注：例句1可用于任何一个段落的结论句；例句3则多用文章结论段的第一句.
12．套语
1）It’swell known to us that ．．．
2）Asis known to us,．．．
3）Thisis a topic that is being widely talked about．
4）Fromthe graph（table,chart）listedabove,it can be seen that ．．．
5）Asa proverb（谚语） says,“Wherethere is a will,there is a way．
例如： As is well known to us,itis important for the students to know the world outside campus．
The reason for this is obvious．Nowadays,thesociety is changing and developing rapidly,andthe campus is no longer an“ivory tower．Ascollege students,we must get intouch with the world outside the campus．Onlyin this way can we adapt ourselves to the society quickly after we graduate．
　　再如： Does it pay to be honest?Thisis a topic that is being widely talked about and different people havedifferent opinions on it．