阅读理解

阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　Opinion polls (民意测验) are now beginning to show an unwilling general agreement that whoever is to blame and whatever happens from now on high unemployment is probably here to stay. This means we shall have to find ways of sharing the employment more widely.

　　But we need to go further. We must ask some questions about the future of work. Should we continue to treat employment as the norm? Should we not rather encourage many other ways for self-respecting people to work? Should we not create conditions in which many of us can work for ourselves rather than for an employer? Should we not aim to make the household and the neighbourhood as well as the factory and the office centres of production and work?

　　The industrial age has been the only period of human history in which most people's work has taken the form of jobs. The industrial age may now be coming to an end and some of the changes in work patterns which it brought may have to be reversed (翻转). This seems a discouraging thought but in fact it could offer a better future for work. Universal employment as its history shows has not meant economic freedom.

　　Employment became widespread when the enclosure (圈地运动) of the 17 ^th and 18 ^th centuries made many people dependent on paid work by depriving (剥夺) them of the use of the land and thus of the means to provide a living for themselves. Then the factory system destroyed the cottage industries and removed work from people's homes. Later as transport improved first by rail and then by road people travelled longer distances to their places of employment until in the end many people's work lost all connection with their home lives and the places in which they lived.

　　Meanwhile employment put women at a disadvantage. It became customary for the husband to go out to paid employment leaving the unpaid work of the home and family to his wife.

　　All this may now have to change. The time has certainly come to switch some effort and resources away from the impractical goal of creating jobs for all to the urgent practical task of helping many people to manage without full-time jobs.

1．We know from the passage that ________.

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A．the formal jobs were not suited to the people who were self-respecting

B．a poor agricultural age would come to an end

C．the effort to create jobs for all is practical

D．men will probably do the unpaid work

2．The author used the enclosures of the 17 ^th and 18 ^th centuries to show ________.

[　　]

A．the industrial age was much more advanced than agricultural age

B．it was one of the changing patterns of work

C．the industrial age provided people a better living for themselves

D．its importance in the industrial age

3．What does the passage suggest?

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A．We should offer women more chances to set them free from heavy housework.

B．Only by sharing all the employment can we make the world believe in justice.

C．As modern industry develops people will find more chances of being employed.

D．We should now reexamine our thinking and admit being employed is not the only kind of work.

4．We can infer from the passage that ________.

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A．university students will take work as jobs

B．the society will offer more jobs for people

C．the end of industrial age will be better

D．women's social position will be raised