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初二英语第一册复习知识要点
一、一般现在时
★ 一般现在时指经常性或习惯性的动作或状态,常和often, usually, always, sometimes, every……等时间状语连用.肯定句谓语动词用动词原形（单三+s）, 否定句用don’t /doesn’t +动词原形,疑问句用Do/Does…+动词原形?
e.g. Tom does his homework every day. 汤姆每天都做家庭作业.
否定句：Tom doesn’t do his homework everyday. 汤姆每天都不做家庭作业.
疑问句：Does Tom do his homework everyday? 汤姆每天都做家庭作业吗?
Yes, he does./No, he doesn’t. 是的.（不,不做.）
二、现在进行时
现在进行时的基本用法
1.表示说话时正在进行的动作
常和now 连用,有时用一个look、listen ,来表now 这一时间概念.
*Look! A train is coming .看,火车来了.
*Listen! He is playing the piano.听,她在弹琴.
2.表示现阶段正在进行的动作
但不一定是说话时正在进行.常和at present ,this week ,these days…等时间状语连用.
*What lesson are you studying this week?你们本周学哪一课了?（说话是并不在学）
3.现在进行时有时可用来表示一个在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作
即是说可以用来代替将来时,但此时,一般要语表示将来时的时间状语连用,而且仅限于少量动词.如：go, come, leave, start, arrive, return . sleep
*Are you going to Tianjing tomorrow? 你明天去天津吗?
*How many of you are coming to the party next week? 你们有多少人下周要来参加晚会?
三、一般将来时
█一般将来时
1.be going to+ 动词原形~
对于将要发生的事,或打算、计划、决定要做的事情时,皆以be going to + 动词原形,的句型来表示.
因此此句型有be动词,所以是否用am, is, are ,决定于主语.
1.肯定句：主语+be (is, am, are) going to +动词原形
I am going to play football next Sunday.
下周日我打算踢足球.
◇He is going to travel around the world. 他计划周游世界.
◇They are going to meet outside the school gate. 它们打算在校门口见面.
◇It is going to rain. 要下雨了.
2.否定句：主语+be (am, are, is) not going to +动词原形
We are not going to have any class next week. 下周我们不上课.
◇I’m not going to be a teacher. 我不打算当老师.
◇He isn’t going to see his brother tomorrow. 他明天不准备去看他哥哥.
3.疑问句：Be (Am, Is, Are) +主语+ going to + 动词原形
◇Are you going to be a doctor when you grow up? 你长大了,打算当一名医生吗?
Yes, I am. 是的,我打算当.
No, I’m not. 不,我不打算当.
will 同be going to 的用法相同
以今天为起点的所有将来时间,如：
this afternoon / this evening = tonight / tomorrow/
tomorrow morning / afternoon / evening ,
the day after tomorrow / next week ,
next Wednesday / next month,
next September / next year.
例句：
1.I’m going to be a teacher later on.
2.We’ll wait for you at the school gate.
3.Shall we go and get some food?
★ “be going to + 动词原形” 表示计划、打算、将来发生的动作,常和this afternoon （今天下午）,this evening = tonight （今晚）,tomorrow （明天）,tomorrow morning (afternoon , evening ) （明早,午,晚）,the day after tomorrow（后天）,next Sunday （下个星期天）, next week (下周), next month (下个月), next year (明年)等的时间状语连用,前不加任何介词.另外,动作性动词go ,come 和leave 等的现在进行时表示一般将来时动作.
e.g.
1. I’m going to Beijing. 我要去北京.
2.He’s leaving for Japan in two days. 他两天后要奔赴日本.
四、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
1．比较级：句子表示两者之间的比较时用比较级,其标志词是than, much, a little , even和still等.
e.g. ① Her hair is much longer than mine. 她的头发比我的长多了.
② I’m a little older than you. 我比你大一点儿.
2．最高级：句子表示三者或多者的比较时用最高级,其标志词是表示范围的in…或of …介词短语.在句子中,形容词最高级前必须加the.
e.g. ① The boy is the tallest in our class. 这个男孩是我们班最高的.
② Which is the biggest, the sun, the moon or the earth?
★形容词的比较级和最高级：
形容词有三种等级：原级、比较级、最高级.
3．原级：句中只有一者时用原级,其标志词是very, so, too, quite等.
e.g. His handwriting is very good.他的书法很好. （一个人不作比较.）
太阳、月亮和地球那个大?
★ 形容词比较级和最高级的构成：
1.一般在原级后加er 构成比较级,加est构成最高级.
e.g. small smaller smallest
young younger youngest
2.以不发音的字母e 结尾的形容词,直接加r 或st 构成比较级和最高级.
e.g. nice nicer nicest
late later latest
3.以辅音字母+y 结尾的形容词,变y为i ,再加er 或est, 构成比较级和最高级.
e.g. busy busier busiest
heavy heavier heaviest
4.在重读闭音节中,末尾只有一个辅音字母的形容词,要先双写这个辅音字母,再加er或est, 构成比较级和最高级.
e.g. hot hotter hottest
big bigger biggest
5.个别形容词的比较级和最高级是不规则变化,需个别记忆.
e.g. good (well) better best
bad (badly, ill) worse worst
many(much) more most
little less lest
far father farthest
或 further furthest
★ 副词的比较级和最高级：
1.以ly 结尾的副词,除early 变为 earlier 和 earliest 外, 其余一律在其前加more 和most. 如：carefully – more carefully – most carefully
2.规则变化直接加er 和 est . 如：fast – faster—fastest
3.个别词是不规则变化,需要特别记忆.
如：well – better – best
far – farther – fastest
badly – worse – worst
4.句子中,副词最高级前的the 可省略也可以不省略,但形容词最高级前面的the 绝对不能去掉.
e.g. Who runs (the) fastest, Tom, Jim or Mike?
初二英语第一册复习知识要点
一、一般现在时
★ 一般现在时指经常性或习惯性的动作或状态,常和often, usually, always, sometimes, every……等时间状语连用.肯定句谓语动词用动词原形（单三+s）, 否定句用don’t /doesn’t +动词原形,疑问句用Do/Does…+动词原形?
e.g. Tom does his homework every day. 汤姆每天都做家庭作业.
否定句：Tom doesn’t do his homework everyday. 汤姆每天都不做家庭作业.
疑问句：Does Tom do his homework everyday? 汤姆每天都做家庭作业吗?
Yes, he does./No, he doesn’t. 是的.（不,不做.）
二、现在进行时
现在进行时的基本用法
1.表示说话时正在进行的动作
常和now 连用,有时用一个look、listen ,来表now 这一时间概念.
*Look! A train is coming .看,火车来了.
*Listen! He is playing the piano.听,她在弹琴.
2.表示现阶段正在进行的动作
但不一定是说话时正在进行.常和at present ,this week ,these days…等时间状语连用.
*What lesson are you studying this week?你们本周学哪一课了?（说话是并不在学）
3.现在进行时有时可用来表示一个在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作
即是说可以用来代替将来时,但此时,一般要语表示将来时的时间状语连用,而且仅限于少量动词.如：go, come, leave, start, arrive, return . sleep
*Are you going to Tianjing tomorrow? 你明天去天津吗?
*How many of you are coming to the party next week? 你们有多少人下周要来参加晚会?
三、一般将来时
█一般将来时
1.be going to+ 动词原形~
对于将要发生的事,或打算、计划、决定要做的事情时,皆以be going to + 动词原形,的句型来表示.
因此此句型有be动词,所以是否用am, is, are ,决定于主语.
1.肯定句：主语+be (is, am, are) going to +动词原形
I am going to play football next Sunday.
下周日我打算踢足球.
◇He is going to travel around the world. 他计划周游世界.
◇They are going to meet outside the school gate. 它们打算在校门口见面.
◇It is going to rain. 要下雨了.
2.否定句：主语+be (am, are, is) not going to +动词原形
We are not going to have any class next week. 下周我们不上课.
◇I’m not going to be a teacher. 我不打算当老师.
◇He isn’t going to see his brother tomorrow. 他明天不准备去看他哥哥.
3.疑问句：Be (Am, Is, Are) +主语+ going to + 动词原形
◇Are you going to be a doctor when you grow up? 你长大了,打算当一名医生吗?
Yes, I am. 是的,我打算当.
No, I’m not. 不,我不打算当.
will 同be going to 的用法相同
以今天为起点的所有将来时间,如：
this afternoon / this evening = tonight / tomorrow/
tomorrow morning / afternoon / evening ,
the day after tomorrow / next week ,
next Wednesday / next month,
next September / next year.
例句：
1.I’m going to be a teacher later on.
2.We’ll wait for you at the school gate.
3.Shall we go and get some food?
★ “be going to + 动词原形” 表示计划、打算、将来发生的动作,常和this afternoon （今天下午）,this evening = tonight （今晚）,tomorrow （明天）,tomorrow morning (afternoon , evening ) （明早,午,晚）,the day after tomorrow（后天）,next Sunday （下个星期天）, next week (下周), next month (下个月), next year (明年)等的时间状语连用,前不加任何介词.另外,动作性动词go ,come 和leave 等的现在进行时表示一般将来时动作.
e.g.
1. I’m going to Beijing. 我要去北京.
2.He’s leaving for Japan in two days. 他两天后要奔赴日本.
四、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
1．比较级：句子表示两者之间的比较时用比较级,其标志词是than, much, a little , even和still等.
e.g. ① Her hair is much longer than mine. 她的头发比我的长多了.
② I’m a little older than you. 我比你大一点儿.
2．最高级：句子表示三者或多者的比较时用最高级,其标志词是表示范围的in…或of …介词短语.在句子中,形容词最高级前必须加the.
e.g. ① The boy is the tallest in our class. 这个男孩是我们班最高的.
② Which is the biggest, the sun, the moon or the earth?
★形容词的比较级和最高级：
形容词有三种等级：原级、比较级、最高级.
3．原级：句中只有一者时用原级,其标志词是very, so, too, quite等.
e.g. His handwriting is very good.他的书法很好. （一个人不作比较.）
太阳、月亮和地球那个大?
★ 形容词比较级和最高级的构成：
1.一般在原级后加er 构成比较级,加est构成最高级.
e.g. small smaller smallest
young younger youngest
2.以不发音的字母e 结尾的形容词,直接加r 或st 构成比较级和最高级.
e.g. nice nicer nicest
late later latest
3.以辅音字母+y 结尾的形容词,变y为i ,再加er 或est, 构成比较级和最高级.
e.g. busy busier busiest
heavy heavier heaviest
4.在重读闭音节中,末尾只有一个辅音字母的形容词,要先双写这个辅音字母,再加er或est, 构成比较级和最高级.
e.g. hot hotter hottest
big bigger biggest
5.个别形容词的比较级和最高级是不规则变化,需个别记忆.
e.g. good (well) better best
bad (badly, ill) worse worst
many(much) more most
little less lest
far father farthest
或 further furthest
★ 副词的比较级和最高级：
1.以ly 结尾的副词,除early 变为 earlier 和 earliest 外, 其余一律在其前加more 和most. 如：carefully – more carefully – most carefully
2.规则变化直接加er 和 est . 如：fast – faster—fastest
3.个别词是不规则变化,需要特别记忆.
如：well – better – best
far – farther – fastest
badly – worse – worst
4.句子中,副词最高级前的the 可省略也可以不省略,但形容词最高级前面的the 绝对不能去掉.
e.g. Who runs (the) fastest, Tom, Jim or Mike?