Should在高考中的考点
一、表示惊异、遗憾、不满等语气.
1.与疑问词how,why等连用,有"竟、会"之意.例如：
①Why should you stand there like a fool?你怎么像傻子一样站在那里?
(should+do表示现在的情况.)
②How should I know?Has it anything to do with me?我怎么知道?这和我有什么关系?
③I don't know why you should have told him that much.我不明白你为什么跟他说那么多.
(should+have done表示已发生的情况.)
2.在It's surprising/ strange/ a pity...以及I'm surprised/ sorry...等句型中,当"竟然会"讲.例如：
①It's surprising that you should be so foolish.真令人吃惊,你竟会如此愚蠢!(现在)
②It's surprising that you should have failed to pass such an exam.真令人吃惊,这样的考试你竟然不及格.(已发生)
3.单独用"should (not) +have+过去分词"形式,对已发生的事表示遗憾或责备,表达"本该或不该"之意.例如：
①He also learns that he should have cared more about his friends.他还明白了他本应该多关心朋友.(高一课本上册P4)
②He shouldn't have let out the secret.他本不该泄露秘密的.(实际情况是"他已泄密".)
二、用于揣测,表示可能或期望,意思是"照理说来、应该".
在语气上should比must弱,但比may/ might强；shouldn't比
can't弱,但强于may/ might not.例如：
①I should be home in about ten minutes.照理说来,约十分钟后我就能到家.(高一课本上册P59)
②He should be having class now.他现在应该是在上课.
③As far as I know you shouldn't have any problems there.就我所知,在那里你不会遇到任何问题.
④According to the schedule,they should have arrived in Shanghai by now/ yesterday.按照计划,他们现在/昨天应该已经到达上海了吧.
(注：本句中的"should+have done"结构并不表示责备,仅表示说话人的揣测.)
三、表示建议和要求,当"应该"讲.
1.表示说话人的意向.例如：
①I think a friend should be kind.我认为朋友应该是善良的.(高一课本上册P1)
②You should not go rafting unless you know how to swim,and you should always wear a life jacket.如果不会游泳,你就不能去漂流；而且(漂流时)应该穿救生衣.(高一课本上册P18)
③Should the naughty boy be punished?那个调皮的男孩该受惩罚吗?
④It's necessary/ important/ natural that we should do it again.我们应该重做.
2.在与某些表示"建议和要求"的动词或名词搭配的从句中,用"should+动词原形"的形式,表示"建议或要求做某事",should可以省略.这类词常用的有：suggest(建议)/ suggestion,require,request,insist(坚持)等.例如：
①They suggested that Ed (should) start at 8 a.m..(宾语从句)
②It was suggested that Ed (should) start at 8 a.m..(主语从句)
③Ed received their suggestion that he (should) start at 8 a.m..(同位语从句)
④Their suggestion was that Ed (should) start at 8 a.m..(表语从句)
上述四个句子中的从句都表示建议的内容"Ed应该早八点出发".
四、表示假设.
1.在虚拟条件句中用以加强假设语气,用"should+do"指将来的情况,当"万一(会)"讲.例如：
①If it should rain (=Should it rain) tomorrow,I should/ would stay at home.万一明天下雨的话,我就待在家里.
②Please call me if (=in case) you should need my help.万一需要我帮助的话,请给我打电话.(此句中should need可用need代替.)
2.在虚拟语气的主句中表示假设的结果,当"就会"讲.("should+do"表示现在或将来时间；"should+have done"表示过去或到目前为止的时间.)例如：
①If he were here,I should tell him the truth.如果他(现在)在这里的话,我就会告诉他真相.(事实是,他现在不在这里.)
②If I had been here yesterday,I should have taught him a good lesson.如果昨天我在这里,我就会好好教训他一顿.(事实是：我没教训他,因为我昨天没在这里.)
③I shouldn't have won without your help.如果没有你的帮助,我就赢不了.(事实是我已经获胜.)
另外,should还可以用于目的状语从句中,用法类似于假设语气,当"就会"讲.例如：
I turned down the radio so that it shouldn't wake the baby up.为不惊醒婴儿,我把收音机音量调小.
五、表示委婉语气.(用于第一人称)例如：
①I should say you are wrong.我得说你错了.
②I should like to have a look at your new stamp.我想看看你的新邮票.
六、指纯粹过去将来.例如：
I said I should come early.我说过我会早来.(其直接引语是："I shall come early," I said.)
请看下列与should有关的高考试题：
解题技巧提示：正确解题的关键在于正确理解语言环境,把握说话人的语气和句子中的时间信息从而正确理解句子含义.
would
1）would like； Would like to do = want to 想要,为固定搭配.
Would you like to go with me?
2）Will you…?Would you like…?表示肯定含义的请求劝说时,疑问句中一般用some,而不是any.
Would you like some cake?
3）否定结构中用will,一般不用would,won't you是一种委婉语气.
Won't you sit down? Should在高考中的考点
一、表示惊异、遗憾、不满等语气.
1.与疑问词how,why等连用,有"竟、会"之意.例如：
①Why should you stand there like a fool?你怎么像傻子一样站在那里?
(should+do表示现在的情况.)
②How should I know?Has it anything to do with me?我怎么知道?这和我有什么关系?
③I don't know why you should have told him that much.我不明白你为什么跟他说那么多.
(should+have done表示已发生的情况.)
2.在It's surprising/ strange/ a pity...以及I'm surprised/ sorry...等句型中,当"竟然会"讲.例如：
①It's surprising that you should be so foolish.真令人吃惊,你竟会如此愚蠢!(现在)
②It's surprising that you should have failed to pass such an exam.真令人吃惊,这样的考试你竟然不及格.(已发生)
3.单独用"should (not) +have+过去分词"形式,对已发生的事表示遗憾或责备,表达"本该或不该"之意.例如：
①He also learns that he should have cared more about his friends.他还明白了他本应该多关心朋友.(高一课本上册P4)
②He shouldn't have let out the secret.他本不该泄露秘密的.(实际情况是"他已泄密".)
二、用于揣测,表示可能或期望,意思是"照理说来、应该".
在语气上should比must弱,但比may/ might强；shouldn't比
can't弱,但强于may/ might not.例如：
①I should be home in about ten minutes.照理说来,约十分钟后我就能到家.(高一课本上册P59)
②He should be having class now.他现在应该是在上课.
③As far as I know you shouldn't have any problems there.就我所知,在那里你不会遇到任何问题.
④According to the schedule,they should have arrived in Shanghai by now/ yesterday.按照计划,他们现在/昨天应该已经到达上海了吧.
(注：本句中的"should+have done"结构并不表示责备,仅表示说话人的揣测.)
三、表示建议和要求,当"应该"讲.
1.表示说话人的意向.例如：
①I think a friend should be kind.我认为朋友应该是善良的.(高一课本上册P1)
②You should not go rafting unless you know how to swim,and you should always wear a life jacket.如果不会游泳,你就不能去漂流；而且(漂流时)应该穿救生衣.(高一课本上册P18)
③Should the naughty boy be punished?那个调皮的男孩该受惩罚吗?
④It's necessary/ important/ natural that we should do it again.我们应该重做.
2.在与某些表示"建议和要求"的动词或名词搭配的从句中,用"should+动词原形"的形式,表示"建议或要求做某事",should可以省略.这类词常用的有：suggest(建议)/ suggestion,require,request,insist(坚持)等.例如：
①They suggested that Ed (should) start at 8 a.m..(宾语从句)
②It was suggested that Ed (should) start at 8 a.m..(主语从句)
③Ed received their suggestion that he (should) start at 8 a.m..(同位语从句)
④Their suggestion was that Ed (should) start at 8 a.m..(表语从句)
上述四个句子中的从句都表示建议的内容"Ed应该早八点出发".
四、表示假设.
1.在虚拟条件句中用以加强假设语气,用"should+do"指将来的情况,当"万一(会)"讲.例如：
①If it should rain (=Should it rain) tomorrow,I should/ would stay at home.万一明天下雨的话,我就待在家里.
②Please call me if (=in case) you should need my help.万一需要我帮助的话,请给我打电话.(此句中should need可用need代替.)
2.在虚拟语气的主句中表示假设的结果,当"就会"讲.("should+do"表示现在或将来时间；"should+have done"表示过去或到目前为止的时间.)例如：
①If he were here,I should tell him the truth.如果他(现在)在这里的话,我就会告诉他真相.(事实是,他现在不在这里.)
②If I had been here yesterday,I should have taught him a good lesson.如果昨天我在这里,我就会好好教训他一顿.(事实是：我没教训他,因为我昨天没在这里.)
③I shouldn't have won without your help.如果没有你的帮助,我就赢不了.(事实是我已经获胜.)
另外,should还可以用于目的状语从句中,用法类似于假设语气,当"就会"讲.例如：
I turned down the radio so that it shouldn't wake the baby up.为不惊醒婴儿,我把收音机音量调小.
五、表示委婉语气.(用于第一人称)例如：
①I should say you are wrong.我得说你错了.
②I should like to have a look at your new stamp.我想看看你的新邮票.
六、指纯粹过去将来.例如：
I said I should come early.我说过我会早来.(其直接引语是："I shall come early," I said.)
请看下列与should有关的高考试题：
解题技巧提示：正确解题的关键在于正确理解语言环境,把握说话人的语气和句子中的时间信息从而正确理解句子含义.
would
1）would like； Would like to do = want to 想要,为固定搭配.
Would you like to go with me?
2）Will you…?Would you like…?表示肯定含义的请求劝说时,疑问句中一般用some,而不是any.
Would you like some cake?
3）否定结构中用will,一般不用would,won't you是一种委婉语气.
Won't you sit down?